|
 Mongolia is a landlocked country and is situated in the Center of the Asian continent. So there are only fishes of river and lake varieties in the country. Mongolian rivers and lakes are classified into three basins: Arctic Ocean, Pacific Ocean and Central Asia. Animals in each basin create a specific composition. There are 75 species of fish, belonging to 36 genera and 11 families living in the Mongolian water basin. As researchers determined, up to 700 tones of fish could be taken every year from Mongolia's lakes and rivers at present. According to the Environment Ministry report, since 2000, the fishing quota has decreased year by year. For instance, 322 tons offish in 2001 and 250 tons in 2002 were allowed.
"The Mongolian Law on Hunting" adopted in 1995, supported by other laws and regulations, has played an important role in the development of fish cultures, and the conservation of fish species in this country. According to the provisions of this law, the Amur Sturgeon Acipenser shrenki and Siberian or Baikal Sturgeon Acipenser Baeri are listed as protected and the Glass ( Chinese ) Carp Ctenogharyngodon idella, Silver Carp Hypophthalmicthys molitrix, and Tench Tinea tinea, are registered as endangered. In addition 6 species of fish have been included in the Mongolian Red Book and necessary measures have been taken to conserve these species. In order to preserve the fish stocks on a larger scale and to maintain favourable conditions for their breeding, several lakes, such as the Khuvsgul, Uvs, Terkhiin Tsagaan, Dayan, Khoton, Khar Us lakes and some important parts of rivers have been categorised as protected areas.
Coregonus Peled
| |
Family
|
Salmonidae (Salmonids), subfamily: Coregoninae
|
| Class |
Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) |
| Size |
37-60.0 cm TL, max published weight, 0.8-4.5 kg |
| Range |
Hangai Mountain Range , "Naiman nuur" formed of 8 lakes such as
Shireet, Mukhar, Khaliut, Duruu, Bugat, Haya, Shanaa, Khuis.
|
| Spawn |
One female 29-98.1 thous. roe |
| Importance |
fisheries |
|
Culter Alburnus
|
Family
|
Cyprinidae (Minnows or carps) |
| Class |
Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) |
Size
|
23,1-36,9 cm TL, weight 0,12-0,69 kg
|
| Range |
Buir lake
|
| Spawn |
One female: 18627-89356 roe
|
| Importance |
fisheries |
| Propagate season |
From beggining half of June to end of July
|
|
Tinca Tinca
| |
| Family |
Cyprinidae (Minnows or carps) |
| Class |
Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) |
| Size |
average TL-30 cm, weight-0.9kg
|
| Range |
Hovd province, Bulgan river |
Propagate season
|
from May to June
|
| Importance |
a rare fish
|
|
Lampetra
| |
| Family |
Petromyzontidae |
| Class |
Cephalaspidomorphi |
Size
|
Max TL-20 cm
|
| Range |
Onon. Barkh, Khurkh rivers
|
| Importance |
a rare fish
|
|
Cyprinus Carpio- Haematopterus
| Family |
Cyprinidae (Minnows or carps) |
| Class |
Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) |
| Size |
25-60 cm TL, weight 0.5-5 kg
|
| Range |
Buir,Ogii lakes, Orshuun, Khalkh, Kherlen, Onon, Selenge, Orkhon rivers |
| Importance |
sport-hunting |
Propagate season
|
from between May to end of July
|
|
Hypophthalmichthys Molitrix
| |
| Family |
Cyprinidae (Minnows or carps) |
| Class |
Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) |
| Size |
90 cm TL, max weight 45kg |
| Range |
Buir lake, Khalkh river
|
| Importance |
a rare fish
|
Propagate season
|
from end of April to June
|
| Spawn |
average 393580 roe
|
|
Lota Lota
| |
| Family |
Lotidae (Hakes and burbots) |
| Class |
Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) |
| Size |
32-65 cm TL,50.5-3.5 kg weight
|
| Range |
Selenge, Onon rivers, Khuvsgul, Ogii, Buir lakes
|
| Spawn |
One female- 33000- 5 million roe
|
| Importance |
fisheries |
Propagate season
|
From the end of December to February |
|
Carassius Auratus
| |
| Family |
Cyprinidae (Minnows or carps) |
| Class |
Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) |
| Size |
59 cm TL, weight 3 kg |
| Range |
Buir , Ogii lakes
|
|
Perca Fluviatilis
| |
| Family |
Percidae (Perches) |
Class
|
Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) |
Size
|
published TL 23.2-35.0cm , Weight 100-850g
|
| Range |
Selenge, Bulgan rivers, Ogii Khuvsgul lakes
|
Propagate season
|
begining of May to between of June
|
Spawn
|
One female 10.2-67.7 thous. roe
|
| Importance |
sport hunting
|
|
Parasilurus Asotus
| |
| Family |
Siluridae (Sheatfishes) |
| Class |
Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) |
Size
|
TL 40-70 cm , weight 0.36-5.2 kg |
| Range |
Buir, Orshuun, Kherlen, Khalkh,Onon, Orkhon, Tuul rivers, Ogii Lake
|
| Spawn |
One female 20296-92745 roe
|
| Propagate season |
from the end of May to end of July |
| Importance |
hunting (valuable)
|
|
Esocidae
| |
| Family |
Esocidae - Pikes |
| Class |
Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes |
Size
|
42.5-98.0 cm TL, 0.9-12 kg
|
Spawn
|
60 thous roe
|
| Propagate season |
from end of April to end of May |
| Importance |
hunting low size 49 cm
|
|
Oreoleuciscus
| |
| Family |
Cyprinidae (Minnows or carps) |
| Class |
Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) |
| Size |
30-120cm TL, weight 0.3-9kg |
| Range |
Great lake's & Gobi lake's lowlands, Khangai level hill's lakes, Altai lakes |
Importance
|
hunting
|
|
Leuciscus Idus
| |
| Family |
Cyprinidae (Minnows or carps) |
| Class |
Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) |
| Size |
36.5-49.6cmTL, 0.8-1.5kg W |
| Range |
Ogii lake
|
|
Coregonus Albula
|
| Family |
Salmonidae (Salmonids), subfamily: Coregoninae |
| Class |
Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) |
| Size |
8.7cm TL, 7g W
|
| Range |
Khovd river
|
| Importance |
in propagation |
|
Thymallus Brevirostris
| |
| Family |
Salmonidae (Salmonids), subfamily: Thymallinae |
| Class |
Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) |
| Size |
35-50cm TL, 0,5-2,0kg W |
| Range |
Khovd, Buyant, Shiver, Bukhmoron, Kharig, Chingestei, Bogd, Yaruu, Baidrag rivers, Achit, Tolbo, Khongor, Ulun, Khar, Khar-Us, Airag lakes |
| Importance |
hunting low size 28cm
|
|
Hucho Taimen
| |
| Family |
Salmonidae (Salmonids), subfamily: Salmoninae |
| Class |
Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) |
| Size |
Max size: 100-170cm TL, 30-48kg W |
| Range |
Terkhiin Tsagaan, Buir, Darkhadiin lowland's lakes, Shishgid, Yuruu, Onon, Balji, Kherlen, Khalkh rivers
|
| Spawn |
One female 15 thous roe
|
| Importance |
hunting low size - 70 cm TL
|
|
Brachymystax Lenok
| |
| Family |
Salmonidae (Salmonids), subfamily: Salmoninae |
| Class |
Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) |
| Size |
35-40cm TL, 0.8-4kg W |
| Range |
Khuvsgul, Darkhadin Lowland, Ogii & Selenge river's splites, Buir lake, Khalkh, Orshuun, Kherlen, Onon rivers
|
| Spawn |
One female 3-7 thous roe |
| Importance |
hunting low size 30cm |
|
Coregonus Lavaretus Pidschlan
| |
| Family |
Salmonidae (Salmonids), subfamily: Coregoninae |
| Class |
Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) |
| Size |
24-28cm TL, 0,3kg (3-6 year)
|
| Range |
Darkhadin lowland, Sharga river, Dood-Shishged, Tengis river |
| Spawn |
One female 2448-33372 roe |
| Propagate season |
from end of September to middle of October
|
| Importance |
fisheries |
|
Coregonus Autumnalis Migratorius
| |
| Family |
Salmonidae |
| Class |
Actinopterygii |
| Size |
53cm TL, 2,6kg W |
| Range |
Khuvsgul lake |
| Importance |
protected
|
|
Rutilus Lacustris
| |
| Family |
Minnows and carps (Cyprinidae) |
| Class |
Ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii) |
| Size |
21,0-38,0cm TL |
| Range |
Selenge river, Ogii, Terkhiin Tsagaan lake |
Spawn
|
One female 6510-32000 roe
|
| Importance |
most hunting fish |
|
Acipenser Baerii Baicalensis
| |
| Family |
Acipenseridae (Sturgeons), subfamily: Acipenserinae |
| Class |
Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) |
| Size |
Max size 120cm TL |
| Range |
Selenge , Orkhon, Tuul rivers
|
| Spawn |
One female 3.08-11.0 kg roe |
Propagate season
|
from May to June |
| Importance |
protected |
|
Ctenopharyngodon Idella
| |
| Family |
Cyprinidae (Minnows or carps) |
| Class |
Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) |
| Size |
50-80cm TL, 2.8-9.0kg W |
| Range |
Buir lake |
| Importance |
fisheries |
|
Thymallus Arcticus
| |
| Family |
Salmonidae (Salmonids), subfamily: Thymallinae |
| Class |
Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) |
| Size |
Max -72cm TL, 3kg W |
| Range |
Selenge river, Darkhadiin lowland, Khuvsgul, Terkhiin Tsagaan, Ogii lakes |
| Spawn |
One female 5-10 thousand roe |
| Importance |
sport-hunting |
|
|
