As of the population census 2000, 46.6 percent of Mongolian population consist of children under 18. Mongolia has adopted international legal documents regarding the protection of children's rights.

A law on the protection of children's rights was passed in 1996. During the current decade, educational programs have been implemented which have substantial effects and improvements for educational services and protection of children's right to an education. School age children cover 21 percent of Mongolia's population. There are many organizations for children, including Mongolian Scout Union, Mongolian Youth Union, "One World-Adolescents" and Red Cross of Youth, International Children's Camp "Nairamdal" as well as other local organizations. The Children's Book Palace was inaugurated in Ulaanbaatar in May, 2003.

The Scout Association of Mongolia is the biggest youth NGO in the country. At the present there are 9000 scout members and more than 56,000 young people have gone through the scout ranks. Over the last eight year about 1,500 Mongolian youths have participated to the several international scout activities, such as international camps, Jamborees, Youth Forums, exchange programs and scout gatherings in 22 different countries. Beginning in 2002, National Programme to Improve Development and Protection of Children is being implemented, which runs until 2002-2010 with three stages.