Mongolia is mountainous country with an average altitude of 1,580 meters above the sea level. The lowest point Khokh-nuur in the east is 552 meters above sea level and the highest point is the mountain Nairamdal in the Mongolian Altai (in the west) which stands at 4,374 meters. The geography of the country is characterized by great diversity.

A total of 138 species of mammals, 449 species of birds , 75 species of fish , 6 species of amphibians and 22 species of reptiles have been registered on the animal kingdom list of Mongolia.Besides these, there are more than 13,000 species of invertebrate, including 516 species of insects, worms, fresh water and terrestrial mollusks in Mongolia. Of the above-mentioned animals 24 mammals are basic hunting animals, 32 hunted by just a few and 4 are not to be hunted. A total of 30 species and sub-species mammals are listed in the rare and very rare classifications of the Mongolian Red Book, which was revised in 1997.

Bird Map of Mongolia

So far 434 species of birds, belonging to 193 genera, 56 families and 17 orders, have been registered and observed in Mongolia.

More than 330 species from this are migratory and the remaining 104 spe­cies inhabit Mongolia year-round. Approximately 50 species migrate through Mongolia and 20 species are observed here occasionally. The Mongolian Red Book contains a reg­ister of 30 bird species, which are not only rare worldwide but are also rare in Mongolia. As an important act of conservation, parts of big lakes and rivers, which are densely inhabited by birds, such as lakes: Khuvusgul, Uvs, Khar-Us, Dayan, Khorgo, Terkhiin Tsagaan, were protected.

Flora Map of Mongolia