Animals adapted to all kind of ecosystems such as forest, steppe, desert, alpine, tundra, talus and water surrounding grove, have established themselves in Mongolia. Many animals, which are frequently spread throughout the Siberian taiga, European-type forests, western Asia and Turan desert, are included in the aforementioned animals. Also there are many endemic species, which are found in only deserts and steppes of Central and Eastern Asia. Mongolia has extinct animals and takes a leading place in the world by its more precious finds of fossils and pre-historic bones.

A total of 138 species of mammals, 449 species of birds , 75 species of fish , 6 species of amphibians and 22 species of reptiles have been registered on the animal kingdom list of Mongolia. Besides these, there are more than 13,000 species of invertebrate, including 516 species of insects, worms, fresh water and terrestrial mollusks in Mongolia. Of the above-mentioned animals 24 mammals are basic hunting animals, 32 hunted by just a few and 4 are not to be hunted. A total of 30 species and sub-species mammals are listed in the rare and very rare classifications of the Mongolian Red Book, which was revised in 1997.