Over the centuries, the Mongols accumulated a wealth of practical knowledge and a rich cultural heritage involving the writing and printing of books. The new progressive trend of publishing periodicals came into being in Mongolia more than 100 years ago. At the end of the 19th century, Buriad p.A.Badmayev published the first Mongolian language newspaper “Dornod Hyazgaariin Amidral” (Life of the Far East) in the town of Chita, with encouragement from the Tsarist Government of Russia.
At the beginning of the 20th century, Russia, China and Manchu began to publish newspapers for readers in Outer Mongolia in order to expand their influence on the spiritual life of the Mongols, thus giving impetus for the future development of a Mongolian periodical press. In March 1913, the first issue of weekly “Shine Toli Khemeekh Bichig” (New Mirror Magazines) came off the press in Urguu, capital of Mongolia under an agreement between the Russian and Mongolian Governments. Then the first post office unit with 13 staff members was established, with the purpose of distributing the newspaper from the capital city in such remote regional centers as Hiyagt, Khaalgan and Uliyastai. Thus a distribution network for the Mongolian periodical press was put into operation.
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At present there is no state control or censorship of the newspaper and periodical press in Mongolia. 1998 Law of Freedom of the Media contains many important provisions, including a requirement that “the state shall not impose control over the contents of public information. Following the adoption of the law the government of Mongolia liberalized a few of newspapers controlled by the State. Since 1990 Mongolia has experiencing great upheavals in the economic, political and cultural spheres. Progress in social freedom has come by the great contribution of mass media organs.Mass media has a special role to play, not only by acting as the guardian of the truth, but also by leading the discussion on the main items of the national agenda. Recent years lave witnessed an increase in the range of topics taken up in the press and the subjects dealt with are diverse.
As a result of successive and decisive policies of the Government, the
private sector has become a prevailing sector in the economy since
1995. Due to restructuring and privatization programs the private
sector expanded.
Mongolian railway was set up in 1949 and since then it has being run by Mongolian and Russian shareholders’ joint venture. The main railway line runs along a corridor between Sukhbaatar and Zamiin Uud and, Ereen Tsav and Choibalsan which are considered to be international routes.
The security of civil aviation services by air companies, coordination policy of functions, air navigations and the airport services are assured and taken by The Government Implementing Agency – the Civil Aviation Authority. In the result of policy measures taken for improving air navigation services to line up with the international standards,
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