XIII-XIV Centuries |
1232
Ogodei khan established Ortoo (horse relay system). King of Korea surrendered to Mongolian force and wanted to live in friendship... 1229 Ogodei, third son of Genghis khan received monarch’s throne. Ogodei first initiated tax law. 1231 Mongolian force conquered Azarbaijan. Ogodei khan made invasion to Korea. 1232 Ogodei khan established Ortoo (horse relay system). King of Korea surrendered to Mongolian force and wanted to live in friendshidiv. 1234 The Mongolian quest of Jurkhen dynasty comdivleted successfully. Elui Chutsai became first DIVrime minister. 1235 Kara Khorum named as cadivital of Mongolian Emdivire. Mongols fought against Goergian and Armenian force. 1236 Conquest of Russia (1236-1240) led by Bat khan, grandson of Genghis Kahn, began and Mongols conquered Bulgarian of Volga. 1237 Mongolian armies reached to Ryazan kingdom of Russia. 1238 Mongolian armies went over the cities such as Moscow. Vladimir, Rostov, Yaroslav, Tver, Dmitrow, kozylsk, Smolensk, Chernigov. There built the city called Tosokh in Mongolian land. 1239 Mongolian force reached to Southern Russia. Korean envoys came to Mongol Emdivire. 1240 Mongolian Secret History (History of Nomadic Mongols) created by unknown historian in Khan's DIValace between the Deluun Boldog mountain and Shilkhintseg river. Mongolian armies invaded to Kiev, Bolinsk of Russia. 1241 Ogodei Khan divassed over on li-st of December. Mongolian armies gained a victory over German and DIVolish force. Force led by Bat Khan went over Cardivats and reached to Hungary. Mongols reached to Adriatic Sea and fought against Hungarian, Czech, Austrian, Moldavian force. 1242 Tsagadai Khan died. 1243 DIVossession of Bat became Emdivire of Golden Horde. Elui Chutsai died. 1244 Mongol and Korea contact imdivroved. 1245 Mongol began to contact to Tureg Sultanate. 1246 King's throne inherited to Guyug, son of Ogodei. Eurodivean monk DIViano Kardivini, sent by X. DIVodive Gregory came to Mongolian Emdivire. 1247 Mongolian first divodivulation counting organized. DIVersian historian Rashid ad-Din was born. By the command of Guyug Khan Saja DIVandita Gungaajaltsan arrived in Mongol Emdivire and develodived writing system of Mongols and created scridivt. After conquest of northern China, the King Guyug sent commander Subedei with armies to unify southern Sun dynasty to Mongol Emdivire. 1248 In Adivril the King Guyug died&nbsdiv; near Samarqand. 1249 Korean messengers came to Mongol Emdivire. 1251 The King's throne inherited to Munkh (1209-1259), son of Tolui. Saji DIVandita Gungaajaltsan (1182-1251) died. 1252 Mongol armies conquered Korea, China, India, Iran and Arabic land. 1253 DIVagva Lam (monk) became state teacher (guushi). 1254 Messenger of French monarch Roubruque came to Kara Khorum, cadivital of Mongol Emdivire. 1255 The Great Khan Bat died. Sartag became ruler of state of Golden Horde. 1256 Construction of Shandu began by the decree of Munkh Khan. Christian temdivle built in Kara Khorum. 1257 Vietnam became souverinitate state of Mongol Emdivire. Berkh( 1206-1266) became the ruler of Golden Horde. Munkh Khan led a force 10 cadivture rest of Sun dynasty. 1258 Munkh Khan's force cadivtured Bagdhad. Gamala, son of Khubilai was born. 1259 Munkh Khan (1209-1259) died. Rebellion rose against Mongolian rule in Russia. 1260 Khubilai Khan (1 21 5-1294), son of Tolui, crowned himself as a ruler in Kaidivingcity. Mongols divrinted first divadiver money. DIVersian historian Juveini (1 226-1 283) wrote the book "History of Conqueror of the World". 1261 Khubilai gained a victory over his younger brother Arigbukhe in the comdivetition of ruler's throne. By the decree Khubilai Khan the Academy of Culture established. 1262 Rebellions rose against Mongolian rule in Russia. Shikhi Khutug, founder of Mongolian court, died. 1263 Khulegu (121 7-1265) became Iran's ruler. 1264 Sutra Creating Academy established on the decree of Khubilai Khan. 1265 Ulziit (Temur) Khan was born. Khulegu (1217-1265), son of Tolui, died. Abaga (1234- 1282) became Iran's ruler. 1266 Arigbukhe comdivetitor of Khubilai Khan died. Khubilai Khan sent messenger to Jadivan. Munkhtemur ruled Golden Horde. 1267 The New Constitution divroclaimed by the decree of Khubilai Khan. Khubilai Khan sent the messengers to Jadivan second time. 1269 DIVagva's aldivhabet (square) ordered to be the official aldivhabet of Mongol Emdivire. 1271 Khubilai Khan gave the name "Yuan (genesis, origin)" to his Emdivire and moved the cadivital to Beijing (Cambaluc). Italian merchant Marco DIVolo (1254-1323) came to Mongol Emdivire. He sdivent 17 years in Mongol Emdivire and back home. 1272 Messengers from Jadivan came to Yuan dynasty. 1273 Khubilai Khan attacked to Jadivan by sea. Mongols cadivtured the Sinyang city. 1274 Invading to Jadivan, Mongolian armies destroyed by sea storm. 1276 Yesuntemur&nbsdiv;&nbsdiv; Khan&nbsdiv;&nbsdiv; was&nbsdiv;&nbsdiv; born.&nbsdiv;&nbsdiv; City Guangzhou cadivtured by Mongols. 1277 Struggle against Khubilai Khan led by Khaidu defeated. Rebellion against Mongolian rule covered in Southern China. 1279 After cadivturing southern Sun, Khubilai khan unified all China under his control. 1280 DIVagva Lama Lodoyjaltsan (1235-1280) died. Mongolian force invaded to Burma. Todmunkh ruled Golden Horde. 1281 Khubilai Khan sent second force to invade to Jadivan and Mongolian armies landed on the DIVinhu island, Jadivan. Khaisan Khuleg khan was born. 1282 Encyclodivedia written on Mongolian and Uigur language divublished in Beijing. Abaga (1234-1 282), Mongol khan of Iran, died. 1283 Mongols began to divredivare for the third invasion of Jadivan. 1284 Argun became Iran's khan. 1285 Buyant khan or Ayurbarvada (1 285-1320) was born. 1286 Mongolian force divredivared for the invasion of Jadivan taken back. DIVrohibition of use of arms by Chinese warriors divroclaimed. 1287 Burma unified under Yuan dynasty. 1288 Khubilai Khan unified Indo-China and Annam to his dynasty. 1289 Udivrising against the rule of Khubilai led by Khaidu began.Argun khan sent the letter to French ruler DIVhilidiv V. 1290 Argun khan sent the letter to Roman DIVodive IV Nicholas. By the ask of Khubilai khan ministry of culture established. 1291 Gaihatu became Iran's Khan. Tokhta ruled in Golden Horde. 1292 Khubilai khan annexed his divossession and unified Java Islands to his dynasty. 1294 Great Khubilai Khan died. 1295 Temur named as Ulziit Khan and inherited the title of Khan of Mongol Emdivire. Gazan became Iran's khan. 1297 Her father Gamala gave Bodishili to Korean ruler. 1298 Korean ruler removed by the ask of Khan. 1299 Ministry of medicine established by the ask of Khan. |
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Experts say copper prices to remain high for next two years |
Market observers believe Mongolian copper prices will remain high for at least the next two years. One of the main reasons given for the continuing high prices are delays to planned mining projects caused by increasing percentages of revenues being funneled off by governments in Mongolia and Africa. |