The fiscal federalism of Mongolia composes a two tier system as its banking sector, namely, central and local government levels.The intergovernmental transfer system, from the central to the local governments.

Sixteen commercial banks, more than eighty non-banking financial in­stitutions, around 200 savings and credit cooperatives, 34 broker and security firms, four leasing compa­nies, and sixteen insurance compa­nies are active in the financial sector.

The population's health status has dramatically improved in Mongolia in the 20th century. Within this period of time infant mortality has decreased by a factor of 16, while maternal mortality had experienced almost a 100-fold decline, and such communicable diseases as louse-born epidemic typhus, genital lymphgranulomatosis, smallpox and poliomyelitis were eradicated, predetermining an almost four-fold increase in population number, and improvement in population health.

Mongolia's overall balance of payments was largely favorable dur­ing 2002-2003 As demand in major export markets slackened and world copper and cashmere prices declined, export performance was lackluster over the last years

50.5 percent or 1,232,800 of Mongolia's population are women. 61,300 women of those head the family. The educational achievement of women is improving year by year. To date, 11.8 percent of Mongolian parliament members, 9.1 percent of deputy ministers, 16.9 percent of chiefs of agencies and organizations, 4.5 per cent of presidents of Citizens' Representative Meetings of city and aimags and 3.3 per cent of governors of aimags and districts are women.